COPÁN: SUBURBS

The archaeological sites known as Los Sapos, Las Sepulturas, El Bosque and Rastrojón are actually suburbs which formed part of the city of Copán. By its large number of resources, the Copán Valley was occupied from the Pre-classic period early and gradually grew, becoming an important center. With the establishment of long-distance trading networks, Copán was favored by its strategic position to control the trade flowing by the Motagua River. Is for this reason that the archaeological evidence indicates that Copan was the most important settlement in the area for the beginning of the classical period, and there are even references of governors to the II century A.D. However, the heyday of Copán is directly related to the arrival of K’K’inich Yax K’uk Mo’ in the year 426 A.C., who founds a dynasty of 16 Kings, who would govern the city until its abandonment in the beginning of the 9th century A.D. The arrival of this character is directly related to the expansion of Teotihuacan and Tikal during the first half of the early classic period, as evidenced by the presence of buildings, objects and symbols in these two regions. In the following two centuries, Copán was consolidated as a regional capital, with strong ties to the lowlands. It is the time of the reign of ‘ahk Uti’Witz’ K’ K k’awiil (Smoke Jaguar) and his son Waxaklajuun Ubaah K’k’awiil (18 Rabbit), between the years 628 and 738 A.D. However, history had a change of direction when the King K ‘ahk’ Tiliw Chaan Yopaat of Quiriguá captured and sacrificed him. Although this event did not mean the end of Copan, if it marks the beginning of a gradual weakening, which would end the political collapse around the year 822 A.D. During the second half of the 8th century A.D, the governors of Copán were forced to redirect their political connections, in anticipation of Quiriguá as new regional center in the middle of the river Motagua valley. That is why at this time increases the presence of objects from the Lenca region. Also, the government of Yax Pasah Chaan Yopaat (Early-Morning or Yax Pac) (763-810 A.D.) is characterized by the decentralization of political power, including lower sections of the nobility within the Government. However, these strategies kept the splendor of Copán until the beginning of the IX century A.D, they did not prevent the city to leave in the following decades, as happened with many other contemporary Mayan cities.

A flood was brought about by the Heart of Heaven; a great flood was formed which fell on the heads of the wooden creatures.

Popol-Vuh